Time-of-day announcing system



July 12, 1932. c. WARNER TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed March 25, 1951 12 sheets-sheet 1 mow MON NQN v wt 3 mt rm at k at 1 99.1 at MGR N62 wl Q at w 6R 1 thumb E INVENTORI L.C. WARNER @aw II IIJ Dll ATTORNEY July .12; 1932. L. c. WARNER ImE-oF-Du ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed March 23, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 MW .QWEQQNQ N 58 16 ummok L I. BY

A TTORNE Y July 12, 1932. L. c. WARNER 1,366,606

TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed March 23, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 3 REPEHTER INVENTOR L .C. WA RNE A TTORNE y July 12, 1932. c. WARNER TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 23, 1931 bRwQbQ QYRNEWU INVENTOR L.C. WARN'ER 6? A TTORNEY l) 1932- c. WARNER TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 23, 1931 IN l/E N TOR L c. WARNER "6? 6.6

- ATTORNEY July 12, 1932. L. c. WARNER g ,8

TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed March 23, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet s EPEA TER IND/CA //v VEN 7-0;? L.C. WARNER @a-vw A TTORNE V July 12, 1932.

| c; WARNER 1,866,606

TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNC ING SYSTEM Filed March 23, 1931 12, Sheets-Sheet 7 68 INVENTOR td L.C'.WARNER BY 6 6 m A TTORNE Y July 12, 1932. L. c. WARNER 1,866,606

TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed March 23, 1931 12 Shaets-Shet 8 BY aam ATTORNEY L. c. WARNER 1,866,606

TIME- OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM July 12, 193?.

Filed March 25, 1931 12.Sheets-S heet 9 //v l EN TOR L .6. WA RNER A TTORNE Y July 12, 1932. L. c. WARNER TIME5-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING svswsu 12 Sheets-Sheet 1o Filed March 23, 1931 mi l INVENTOR By L.C.WARNER A TTORME Y y 12, L. c. WARNER- TIME-OF-DAY ANNOUNCING SYSTEM Filed-March 23, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet l2 INVENTOR L.C.WARN'ER yaw ATTORNEY Patented July 12, 1932 UNITED. STATES 1 Parr-arr! OFFICE LESTER C. WARNER, OI PLAINFIELD, NEW- JERSEY,

COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y

nssrenoa ro wnsrnnu nnno'raro A oonroaa'rrou or new roux rmn-or-nmr mouncme 5mm Application filed March 28, 19,31. Serial 110. 524,496.

This invention relates to. time announcing systems which are more particularly adapte for use in connection with tele hone exchanges although equally well a opted for 5 use in announcing program periods for classrooms of schools or colleges or for maklng other announcements of varying and recurring nature.

The ob] ect of the invention is the provision of means whereby at periodically recurring intervals announcements of the time of day may be transmitted over a signal circuit to a plurality of stations which may atthe time be connected for the reception of such an- 16- nouncement.

Heretofore time announcing systems have been proposed for use in telephone exchanges whereby a subscriber desiring to ascertain the correct'time could either manual y through 20 an operators position or automatically dialing a predetermined number obtain connection with a special circuit upon which time-of-day announcements were impressed by phonographic means. One such system 2 designed for installation in an automatic telephone system is disclosed in the patent to Blessing.1,227,523 issued May 22, 1917. In this system a phonograph employingrecord cylinders is employed for reproducing at telephone circuit the correct hour and minute of the time of day.

In accordance with the present invention any subscriber of an automatic telephone exchange system desiring to ascertain the correct time dials a particular number and thereby obtains connection with a circuit including an improved time-of-day announcer. The' announcer in accordance with one embodiment of the invention comprises'thre'e films of the general type used in talking motion pictures. One film has photographed thereon the sound traces corresponding to the hours of the day, one to twelve inclusive. The second film hasphotographed thereon sound' traces corresponding to the numbers ten to twenty inclusive, thirty, forty and fifty and the third film has the sound traces of the ""numbers one to nine inclusive.v The three films are so controlled by a clo'ck that they definite time intervals and transmitting to a a may each be advanced periodically to expose a portion thereof to a scanner so that at any minute of the day the three films expose sound traces of the hour and the particular minute of that hour. The exposed portions of the three films are disposed'in arcs having a common axis and are illuminated by sepa-.

rate sources of light.

Disposed in the axis of the three arcuate portions of .the three films and in the plane of the center line of the films is a scanning through its filament into the input transformer of an amplifier. The relatively weak current impulses thus generated by the cell are then amplified andimpressed upon the telephone lines which are at the timeconnected with the announcing apparatus.

, For example, if the hour film is positioned with the-sound trace for the hour twelve exposed to the. scanning prism, the second film is posltioned with the sound tracefor the number fifty exposed, and-the third film is,

positioned withthe sound traceyforthe num ber nine exposed, then as the prismscans the three films in the order named flashes of light will be successively transmitted to the photo-v electric cell which will in turn' transmit' through the amplifier telephonic currents which will produce in the subscribers re.

ceiver the spoken words twelvefifty-nine.

Provision is made so that the transmission of a telephonic currents corresponding toa time announcement w1ll commence only i at the beginning of an announcement. Thereby no subscriber upon establishing a connection to the announcer will receive a fragmentary announcement. If considered desirable each time announcement may be prefaced by the expression the tone will indicate and terminated by the expression oclock.

In accordance with a further modfication of the invention the announcer may comprise four films. On one film may be photographed a sound trace corresponding to the expression the tone will indicate. On a second film may be photographed sound traces corresponding to the hours of the day one to twelve inclusive. On a third film may be photographed sound traces corresponding to the numbers ten to twenty inclusive, thirty, forty and fiftv and on the fourth film sound traces of thenumbers one to nine inclusive. The first film may be fixed and the last three fihns arranged to be controlled by a clock in such a manner that each of the latter three films may be advanced periodically to expose portions thereof to a scanner I so that at any minute of the day the four films will expose sound traces corresponding to the expression the tone will indicate followed by the hour and the particularminute of that hour. The four exposed portions of thefour films are disposed in arcs of each, superimposed one above the other having a common axis and are illuminated by sources of light. 1

Disposed in the axis of the four arcuate portions of the four films is a shaft driven at a constant speed by a suitable motor and carrying four scanning prisms and associated lens systems, each such scanning prism and associated lenssystem being so disposed with respect to one of the arcuately disposed films as to transmit fiashes of light from the sources of light through such film to a photoelectric .cell positioned in alignment with the axis of the scanner shaft. The four scanning prisms and associated lens systems are disposed angularly around said shaft 90 apart so that in the rotation of the shaft the four films are scanned in succession. received by the photoelectric cell are effective to cause telephonic currents of varying strength to flow therethrough into the input transformer of an amplifier and by the amplifier impressed upon the connected telephone lines.

Should it be founddesirable to sufiix an announcement .of the word oclock, a fifth fixed film could be placed beneath the fourth or minute film to be scanned by a fifth prism and associated lens system. In this case the exposed portion of each of the five films would occupy a-72 arc of the periphery of the circle in the axis of which the scanner shaft is positioned and the scanning prisms would be disposed around the axis of the shaft72 apart.

A clearer conception of the scope and purpose of the invention will be obtained'from' a consideration of the following descriptiontaken in connection with the attached 'drawings in which The light flashes Fig. 1 shows the line of a subscriber A terminating in an ofiice of an exchange area, the schematic representation of a line finder, a link circuit having a line finder selector and a sender selector by means of which the line may became connected with a central otfice register sender, a register sender indicated by the rectangle in the lower portion of the figure and the schematic representation of a district selector and oifice selectorby means of which the line may be further extended;

Fig. 2 showsan outgoing trunk extending to a local distributing center shown in Fig. 3;

Figs. 3 and 4 takentogether show apparatus at a local distributing center, Fi 3 showing an extension of the trunk of i 2 extendin over a two-wire trunk to t e outgoing istributing oint of Fig. 5 and in the left portion of the gure the supervisory circuits of other trunks similar to the trunk of Fig. 2 which are also multipled to the trunk of Fig. 3, and Fig. 4 showlng schematically alternate repeater, supervisory and alarm circuits which may be used in place of similar circuits shown in Fig. 3; 90

Fig.. 5 shows the other end of the two-wire trunk extending to the local distributing center of Figs. 3 and 4 and apparatus at an outgoing distributing point;

Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, taken together, show apparatus at a central time announcing bureau. Fig. 6 shows'one transmission circuit at the central bureau; Fig. 7 shows the clock circuit, Fig. 8 shows an oscillator circuit and Fig. 9 shows the circuit of an anv nouncing machine, the circuits of Figs. 7, 8 and 9 being individual to the transmission circuit of Fig. 6. Fig. 10 shows schematically an alternate transmission circuit and as- A sociated circuits which may be used in place of the similar circuits of Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive;

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing schematically the arrangement of talking facilities for connecting a plurality of ofiices through local distributing centers and an outgoing distributing point with a central time announcing bureau;

ig. 12 is a diagram showing how Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive should be assembled to disclose 1 the detailed circuits of the invention;

- Fig. 13 shows schematically the mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the announcing machine shown in Fig. 9;

no I

nouncing system in accordance with the present invention contemplates the establishment of a central bureau at which is positioned an.

announcing machine which, when demand arises, periodically announces the exact time within the nearest minute. Obviously, if required, such machines could be provided with facilities for announcing the time within closer limits as, for example, to the nearest tenth of a minute. It is intended that the central bureau shall be accessible froma plurality of ofiicesof anexchange area over a special trunk network fanned out from such bureau. To facilitate the inter-connection of subscribers whose lines terminate in exchange oflices of an area to be served by the central bureau, with the central bureau the exchanges or oi'fices of the-area are divided into sections, all offices of a particular section having access to a local distributing. center. From-the local distributing centers of a plurality of sections trunks extend as schematically disclosed in Fig. 11 to an outgoing distributing point located contiguous to the central bureau at which bureau the trunks incoming to the outgoing distributing point are connected to the transmission circuit at the central bureau.

While the invention has been disclosed as applied to a system in which all sectionsof the ar'eamay be served directly from the outgoing distributing point it will be obvious that intermediate distributing centers may be interposed between the local distributing centers and the outgoing distributing point as disclosed in detail in the copending application of R. F. Massonneau Serial No.

508.209, filed Jan. 12, 1931. Intermediate distributing centers would probably be employed in a commercial installation but have not been disclosed herein in order to sim-' nected to either transmission circuit by a plify the disclosure as much as possible.

The ap aratus at the originating oifice shown in ig. 1 is of the well known panel type. The line finder 101, selector switches 102 and 145,, and the link circuit of Fig. 1 may be of the same type and function in the same manner asthe similar apparatus disclosed and described in Patent No. 1,690,206

issued to A. Raynsford on November 6, 1928. The sender may he of the same type as disclosed in Patent No. 1,505,171 issued, to F. A.

'Stearn, August 19, 1924. Only such portions of these switches. link circuit and send er having been disclosed herein as are considered necessary to an understandingof the invention, reference being made herein to the above identified patents for a full detailed disclosure.

Y The repeaters 375 and 675 shown diagrammatically by the rectangles in Figs. 3 and 6 may be of the same type as disclosed in detail in Figs.- 3' and 12 of 'the application of R. F.

Massonneau above referred to. The repeater alarm circuit indicated by the small rectan;

gle 676 in the lower central portion of Fig.6 7o

In Fig. 3

switching office X are shown multipled together and, connected at the local distributing center in the section of the area in which the trunks outgoing from bank terminals of selectors such. as 145 of the dial the ofiice X is located to a trunk 300 in which either the repeater 375 or the alternate repeater 400 may be inserted by the operation of either switch 350 or switch450. Other ofiices similar to ofiice X may also have outgoing trunks terminating in the local distribu ing center and multipled to trunk 300. The epeaters 375 and 400 are arranged to trans it voice currents in one direction'o'nly, that is, from the central bureau toward the calling lines in offices such as X. From the input side of repeaters 375 and 400 a trunk 500 extends to the outgoing distributing point Fig. 5. This trunk is also multipled as indicated at the right of Fig. 5 to similar trunks which extend to other localdistributing centers such as are shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and the extension of these trunks extends to the central bureau transmission circuit 600 through contacts of key 650. An-alternate transmission circuit 1000 may be connected to the extended trunk circuit in place of transmission circuit 600 bythe operation of key 1050 to the right and the operation of key 650 to the left. Whenever a transmission circuit is removed from service by the maintenance operator through-the operation of the associated keys 650 or 1050 it becomes connected to test line 652 or test line 1052 extending to the maintenance operators test position. A- testing receiver 602 may be confor guiding the films 1303, 1304 and 1305.

upon the track. Each of the three films is of a the type used in sound pictures provided along either edge with sprocket holes and along the, center line thereof with photographic sound traces. The films 1303 and 1305 are guided into and away from arcuate portions of the film track 1300 by sprocket wheels 1306 and are advanced by driving sprocket wheels 1307 and the film 1304 is guided into and away from an arcuate portionof the film track 1300 by the sprocket wheel 1306 and the driving sprocket wheel 1307, the sprocket wheel 1308 serving to take I up the slack in the film 1304. Between ,the windows 1301 in the film track, the track is I provided with -o aque portions 1309 for the purpose of mas 'ng the film, these opaque portions or masks being terminated obliquely as at 1310 and 1311 for the purpose of fading in and out the exposed sound traces.

Positioned in the axis of the film track I 4 1300 is a shaft 1312 driven at a constant speed through gears 1313 and 1314 from a source of power such as an electric motor connected to the power shaft 1315. The shaft 1312 has secured to the upper end thereof a carrier 1316 in which is mounted a prism 1317 and to which is attached a lens tube 1318.

Mounted within the lens tube 1318 is afixed.

condensing lens 1319, an optical slit 1320 and in the outer end thereof an adjustable telescopic lens tube 1321 carrying an object lens 1322. Positioned in alignment with the axis of shaft 1312 is a photoelectric cell1323;

I granted February 9, 1915 to Reynolds and aldwin. The driven discs 1328, 1329 and 1330 of these clutches are secured to shafts, 1331, 1332 and 1333 respectively which through bevel' ears 1334, 1335 and 1336 drive the shafts 133 1339 and 1338 upon which are mounted the sprocket wheels 1307. The shafts 1331, 1332 and 1333 drive auxiliary sequence switch shafts 1340, 1341 and 1342 respectively through reducing gearings 1343, 1344 and 1345. Each sequence switch shaft is provided with contact cams as illustrated schematically in Fig.' 9. Each magnetic clutch inaddition to a driving disc such as 1325 and a driven disc such as 1328 also comprisesa clutch magnet. These clutch magnets are shown at 1346, 1347 and 1348. The scanner shaft .1312 is also provided with two interrupter cams 1349 and 1350, the

- cam 1349 beingso positioned on the shaft 1312 that it closes the contacts 1351 only when the lens tube" 1318 is in a position to begin scanning the exposed portion of film ,1303. The cam 1350 is arranged to close contact 1352 during the portion of the revolution of shaft 1312 when the cam 1349 has opened contact 1351. 1 Referring to Fig. 9 the sequence switch shafts" 1340, 1341 and 1342 are provided with master cams 1353, 1354 and 1355 respectively which open their right contacts only in the positions indicated by the numerals adjacent to such contacts for insuring that the shaft when clutched to the power shaft 1315 adjacent to such contacts.

Leeaqoo will be rotated to the positions indicated. The remaining cams on these shafts, such for example as .cam 927, close their respective contacts only in the rotary position of the respective shafts indicated b the numerals equence switch shaft 1340 has twelve stop positions per revolution. Shaft 1341 has ten stop positions per revolution and shaft 1342 has fifteen stop positionsperrevolution. Thesequenceswitch shafts are also each provided with an indicating disc such as 1356, 1357 and 1358 for enabling the maintenance operator to set the shafts initially to agree with the correct time indicatedby the master clock shown at 707 in Fig. 7.

The modified form of announcing machine shown in Fig. 15, 16 and 17 has four accurate guides or film tracks, each track extending approximately over an arc of 90 and each having a window 1501 therein and flanges 1502 for guiding films therein, the upper track having a stationary film positioned .back of the window thereof. Each of the films is of the type used in sound pictures having a photographic sound trace thereon and the three movable film's 1503, 1504 and 1505 being also provided-along each edge with sprocket holes. The movable films are guided into and away from the film tracks y means of sprocket wheels 1506 and are advanced by driving "sprocket wheels 1507. Between the window 1501 of-each film track and either endthereof are masks 1509 for the purpose of masking the films.

Positioned in the axis of the film tracks is a shaft 1512 driven at a constant speed through gears 1513 and 1514 from a source of power connected to the power shaft 15151 The shaft 1512 has secured to theupper end thereof four carriers 1516 in each of which is mounted a prism 1517 and to each of,which is attached a lens tube 1518. Mounted within each lens tube is an optical slit and a condensing lens such as are shown at 1320 and lot 1319 in Fig. 13 and in the outer end of said tube an adjustable telescoping lens tube 1521 carrying an object lens such as is shown at 1322 in Fig. 13. The four carriers and'at-.

tached prisms and lens tubes are so positioned at 90 angles about the shaft 1512 that as the shaft rotates in a clockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 15 through a complete revolution, flashes of light from the light sources 1524 will be successively transmitted through the portions of the films exposed through the windows 1501, beginning with the top fihn and ending with the lower film, through theoptical system comprising the prism and associated lens tube to the photoelectric cell 1523 which is positioned in alignment with the axis of shaft 15121- The power shaft 1515 is provided with driving discs 15.25, 1526 and 1527 which form portions of magneticchitches similar to the clutches shown in Fig. 13 which in the manher described in connection with Fig. 13

likewise correspond to the similar cams'1349 and 1350 of Fig; 13 and performthe same function. The cams carried by the sequence switch shafts 1540, 1541 and 1542 likewisecontrol the circuits shown in Fig. 9 in the same manner as will be hereinafter described in connection withFigs. 9 and 13.

The stepping switch shown in the lower left portion of Fig. 7 is of the ,well lmown type, the magnet 719 advancing the wiper 720 one step upon each deenergization of the magnet 71 Initiation of a call With this general outline of the purpose of the invention and of the apparatus employed in mind the invention will now be considered in more detail. Assume that a subscriber A whose line terminates in oifice X initiates a call to obtain-the correct: time. The subscriber A upon removing his receiver from the switchhook causesthe setting of the brushesof the line finder 101 upon the ter-' minals of the calling line. and the extension of circuits from the calling line'and' districtselector 102 over wipers of the link circuit line finder selector 150- and sender selector 160 to an idle sender 125. It will be further assumed that the sender shown in the lower portion of Fig. 1 is idle and becomes associated with the calling fline whereupon a pulsing circuit is established in the well knownmanner from the pulsing relay of sender 125, wiper 110, Wiper 107 ,the upper right contact of cam 104, the lower brush of line finder 101 over the subscribers line loop returning over the upper brush of line finder 101, the lower contact of cam 103, wiper 105 wiper 109 to ground at the sender.- As soon as this pulsing circuit is established the calling subscriber receives the usual dial tone and proceeds to dial the digits of the central 1 time bureau designation which, it will be assumed, is ME7-4000 thereby setting the,

registers of the sender to record the ofiice and line designation of the central time bureau.

As soon as the. idle sender becomes associated withthe district selector the sequence switch associated with the district selector 102 advances to position 3 establishing the usual fundamental circuit from the control relay, not shown, at the selector 102 through "the winding of the sender stepping relay.

Under the control of the oflice code registers of the sender, the district selector 102 is con- I trolled in the well known manner to select a trunk group extending to oflice selectors. Following the selection of the proper trunk group the district selector 102 functions to select an idle oflice selector inthe group such as the one indicated at 145. As soon as the a district selector terminates its trunk hunting operation the selector switch associated therewith advances in the wellknown manner to position 10 whereby a fundamental circuit is established over theconductors of the selected trunk for controlling theofl'ice selector 145.

of cam 121, lowerbrush of selector switch 102'to ground at .the oflice selector. The stepi'ng relay of the sender and the control reay of the ofiice selector 145 operate inthis circuit, the ofiice selector being controlled in the well known mannerunder the control of the sender in its brush andgroup selection movements to select an idle trunk circuit such as 204 extendingto the local distributing center. the oflice code registered (in the sendersets up a class of call condition in the sender in For callsto the centraltime. bureau the's'ame manner as would be the case if acall were to be made to a manual oflice having call indicator equipment.

Following the seizure of trunk 204 a control circuit is established from the sender through the control relay 205 ofthe trunk 204 which may be traced from battery through the upper winding of relay 205, upper back contact of relay 207, tip conduptor 202 of trunk 204, tip brushes of switches 145 and 102, lower contact of cam 111, wipers 112 and 141, winding of the-sender stepping relay, wipers 142 and 120, ring brushes of switches 102 and 145, ring conductor 203 of trunk 204, inner upper back contact of relay .207 to ground through the lower winding of vrelay 205. Relay'205 energizes in this circuit and upon operating connects ground from cam 143 in the 'oflice selector 145 over the sleeve brush of selector 145, sleeve conductor 208 of trunk 204, front contact of relay 205, to. the middle spring of the interrupter 210. As soon as interrupter 210 makes its right contact the ground on conductor 208 is-eX-f y tended through the winding of sleeve relay l 211 which operates and, locks directly to 1 sleeve conductor 208, connects groundat its inner lower front contact to. the startconductor'221 and establishes a circuit for the pegcount register overiits lowermost front contact, the lower back contact of relay. 207 the inner lower normal contact of relay 212 to ground at the next to lower front contact of relay 211.

After an interval suflicient to permit the sender to make the usual trunk guard test and to permit the operation of the peg count register, interrupter 210 closes its left contact establishing a circuit for relay 207 from battery through the upper winding of relay 207, the lower back contact of rela 206, the upper front contact of relay 211, le contact of interrupter 210 to ground on conductor 208. Relay 207 upon operating locks over its upr winding, the lower back contact of relay 206, the lower front contact of relay 207 to ground at the next to inner lower front contact of relay 211, opens'the circuit of the peg count re 'ster, disconnects the windings of relay 205 rom the tip and ring conductors of trunk 204 and connects these conductors in a dry bridge including the winding of polarized relay 225. This circuit may be traced from the tip conductor 202 of trunk 204, upper front contact of relay 207, upper back contact of relay 212, winding of polarized relay 225, inner upper back contact of relay 212, inner upper front contact of relay 207 to ring conductor 203 of trunk 204.

Relay'205 releases without affecting the circuits now established and at the sender a circuit is established as fully set forth in the patent to F. A. Stearnthrough the magnet windin of the code impulser switch of the sender or advancing the impulser switch out of position 1' through a single revolution. As it passes through a'complete revolution the impulser switch transmits a plurality of series of code impulses to the trunk circuit of Fig. 2 in the well known manner, a series bein transmitted for each digit of the central ureau designation 4000.

The circuit over which the code impulses are transmitted may be traced in part from the sender 125 over wipers 141 and 112, then as 1previously traced throughthe winding 0 p0 arized relay 225- of trunk 204, returning over wipers 120 and 142 to the sender. The impulses of each series may consist in the 'usual manner of light positive and light or heavy negative impulses. The polarized relay 225' which is included in theimpulsing contact of relay 207 to ground but is not effecti've to cause the operationof relay 220 during the transmission of code impulses, because efore interrupter 229 advances to close its left contact to complete the circuit .of'

relay 220 over the lower contacts of relay 226, polarized relay 225 will respond to a negative code impulse and shunt relay 226 to cause its release. Thus during the transmission of the code impulses relay 225 in responding to each negatlve impulse will shunt relay 226 and, since thesenegative impulses arrive periodically at intervals less than the interval required for interrupter 229 to complete a cycle, relay 226 cannot establish the circuit of relay 220.

Upon the completion of the transmission of the code impulses, however, relay 225 will receive no more negative impulses and will remain deenergized thereby permitting relay 226 to reenergize and remain operated duringa complete cycle of interrupter 229, whereupon the circuit of relay 220 will be closed from battery throu h the winding of relay 220, lower contact of relay 226, left contact of interrupter 229, lower back contact of relay 206, inner lower front contact of relay 207 v to ground at a contact of relay 211.

Relay 220 upon operating locks over its inner lower front contact, inner lower front contact of relay 207 to ground and connects ringing tone from the source of ringing current 224 over the inner upper front contact of relay 220, inner upper back contact of relay 206, condenser 231 trunk conductor 203, ring brushes of switches 145 and 102, lower contacts of cam 121, right winding of re eating coil 144, upper contacts of cam 111, rushes of switches 102 and 145, trunk conductor 202, condenser 230, upper back contact of relay 206 to ground at the. uppermost front contact of relay 220.- Ringing tone current is thereupon induced over the calling line loop through the left windings of repeating coil 144 in an obvious manner as signal to the calling subscriber that a connection has become extended from his line to the transmission network. Relay 220 at its contact 223 also extends conductor 219 to the winding of pick-up relay 212 and ex- Y circuit responds only to the negative im tends conductor 222 over its lower front pulses.

When the impulser switch of the sender advances transmitting the usual negative impulses of current thepolarized relay 225 will respond to each such negative impulse.

I When relay 207 operated it closed a circuit for relay 226 extending from battery over the lowermost normal contacts of relay 212, resistances 228 and 227, winding of relay 226, right contacts of interrupter 229, lower back contact of relay 206, inner lower front con-' tact of relay 207 to ground at a front contact ,of relay 211. Relay 226 locks over its upper front contact and the inner lower front sion of the code impulses in'turn advancing the district selector sequence switch to the talking position and itself becoming discon-' nected from .the established connection and restored to normal condition.

It will be recalled that when trunk 204 was first seized relay 211 operated and con- 303, windings of relay nected ground to start conductor- 2 21. 1 A

startcirc-uit was thus closed from ground on start conductor 221 over normal contacts 301 of switch 350, back contacts of relay 302 to battery through the winding of-start relay 303 at the local distributing! center. Relay 303 operatesfand connects t e polarized relays 304 to 307 inclusive to. the conductors of trunk 500 in series with the windings of relays 501 and 502at the outgoing distributing point. The circuit thus be traced from battery through the lower windings of relays 501 and 502, the lower back contact of relay 503, the lower left winds ing of repeating coil 504, lower contacts of jack 521, conductor 505 of. trunk 500, contacts 308 ofswitch 350, lower right winding of repeating coil 309, upper contact of .relay 304 to 307 inclusive, upper rightwinding of coil 309, contacts 310 of switch 350, conductor 506 of trunk 500, upper contacts of jack 521, upper left winding of repeating coil 504,- upper back contact of relay 503 to ground through the upper windings of relays 502 and 501. Relays 304 and 307 are so polarized that they operate in this circuit but relays 305 and 306 being I oppositelyipolarized do not operate. Relays 502 and 503 also operate to perform afunction to be described hereinafter. Relays 304 i and 307 upon operating establish obvious circuits for relays 311, 312 and 313. It is to be noted in this connection that the startconductor 221 ,is multipled to all-trunk circuits such as. 204 extending from the'several offices having access to the local distributing center relay such disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4 so that when any subscriber in such offices initiates a call for time-of-day service the start relay 303 will be operated.

- Relay 311 upon operating. closes obvious circuits for relays 314 and 315. Relays 312- and 313 also close circuits for other relays similar to relays 314 and 315. 'Since it is possible to operate four relays similar to relays 314 and 315 over each grounded contact of relays 311, 312 and 313, it ispossible to thus operate twenty relays and since each as 315,is.capable when. operated of connecting ground to five conductors,such

as 219, the operation of polarized relays 304 and 307 may thus control the grounding of one hundred conductors 219, of one hundred trunks 204. When conductor 219 of trunk 204 is grounded through the operation of relay 315 the circuit'of pick-up'relay 212 is completed and relay 2 12 operates and looks from battery through its wmding and inner lower alternate contact to ground at the next to lower front contact of relay 211. 'At its lowermost normal contactsrelay 212 opens the circuit offrelay 226 andat itsflower alternate contacts prepares a circuit for relay 206 which will be described later. With relay 212. operated, battery and ground thrnug 122- for call charging purposes.

-relay212 for use .by other subscribers in offices connected to the local distributing center are established may a the windings of relay 205 are connected in series with the winding of polarized relay 122 in the district selector 102 to operate relay Similarly ofall trunks which have been seized simultaneously operated throughthe opera tion oi relays214, 215, etc.

Operationnf line in trmbble alarm inggr'ound to the winding of start relay 303 to hold it operated until the trouble condition is removed-and relay 320' rounds conductors extending to the alarm oard shown diagrammatically by the rectangle 321. This alarm board may comprise suitable lamps or signal devices for indicating to a exists on the trunk line. In response tothe alarm signals the 304 to 307 inclusive, thereto, relays maintenance man that a trouble condition maintenance man de fresses the key 322 thus releasing relay 320 w ich opens the circuit of the alarm signals and establishes over the upper contact of key 322 a circuit for guard lamp 352. When the trouble condition is re-- moved relay 316 releases, in turn releasing relays 318 and 319. Relay 320 reoperatesfrom ground at the back contact of relay 318 over the lower alternate contacts 0t key 322 causing the alarm signals to be reoperated. Since the guard-lamp 352 is at this time lighted-the reoperation of the alarm signals indicates to the maintenance manthat the trouble has been cleared. whereupon he releases key 322 extinguishing the guard lamp and releasing relay 320. 3

Extension of start circuit through the central bureau It will nowbe assumed that the time an-v nouncing machine. shown in Fig.9 is in use and hasbeen connected to the transmission circuit 600 of Fig. 6 by the-insertion of plugs 606 and 611 into the jacks 630 and 631- and consequently relay 609 and relay 610-arejoperated, relay 609 being operated over the make springs of jack 630 and relay 610 being oper-- ated in a circuit extending from battery through the right winding of relay 610,

sleeves of jack 630 and plug, 606, conductor 900, lower contacts of jack 901, lower winding of ,output transfor1her-902, upper 'contacts of jack 901, conductor 903, tip contacts of plug 606 and jack 630, winding'of the input transformer (not shown) of repeater 675 to ground through the left windin of relay 610. Relay 610 in turn closes an 0 vious circuit for relay 612 which in turn closes an; obvious circuit for relay 613. Relay 612 upon operating establishes the filament circuit for the repeater 675 extending from battery at the repeater, conductor 657 inner lower contacts of relay612, conductor 658, filaments of the vacuum tubes of repeater 675 to ground thus lighting the filaments in the manner set forth in theapplication of R. F. Massonneau above referred to. Relay 612 at its lowermost contacts also closes a filament circuit for the repeater shown at the right of Fig.9 which may be traced from conductor 678, rings of jack 630 and plug 606, conductor 904 through the filament battery. 905, resistance 912, filament of tube 906, resistance 907, filament of tube 908, filament of tube 909, resistance 910, conductor 911, rings of plug 611 and jack ,631, conductor 677 to the contacts of relay 612.

Relay 613 upon operating closes an obvious circuit for relay 614, prepares at its lowermost contacts a circuit for repeater alarm device 676 and closes a break in the start conductor 507 at its upper contacts. If the vacuum tubes of repeater 675 have energized proper;

ly and cause the flow of space current the alarm circuit prepared by relay 613 will therefore not be closed through the operation of relay 613. Relay 614 upon Operating closes an' obvious circuit for relay 615 and a circuit for relay 617 extending from battery, Wind'- ing of relay 617, back contact of relay 616 to ground at the upper contact of relay 614. At its inner lower front contact relay 615 connects battery to the filaments of the vacuum tubes of the volume indicator 642 which may be of the type disclosed in Patent No. 1,523,827 granted January 20, 1925 to E. L. Nelson and at its lower contact closes the filament circuit of the vacuum tubes 801 and 802 of the oscillator circuit 800. This filament circuit may be traced from the filament battery through resistance 803, the filaments of the tubes in series, resistance 804 and 805, conductor 806, contacts of relay 615, conductor 807 to the other terminal of thefilament battery. i

When relays 501'and 502at the outgoing distributing point, Fig. 5, operate as previously described a start circuit is established from ground at the contacts of these relays over conductor 507 which is multipled to other start conductors controlled by similar relays 501 and 502 in trunks similar to trunk 500 extending from other local distributing centers such as is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, upper contacts of relay 613, back contacts of relay 619 to battery through the winding of re lay 620. Relay 620, which is slow to opererate, in turn establishes an obvious circuit for slow-operating relay 621 which in turn operates and connects the winding (if relay nects the start conductor 507 directly to the winding of relay,622. closes an obvious circpit for relay 619 and an obvious circuit for lamp 624. Lamp 624 lights as a signal that a call has been initiated by some calling subscriber or subscribers for time-of-day service. When relay 619 operates it opens the circuit. of relay 620 which releases, in turn, releasing relay 621. Relay 621 in turn opens the initial operating circuit of relay 622 but relay 622 is now held operated over the upper contacts of relay 623 so that relays 623 and 622 rem in operated so long as there is ground on s art conductor 507 indicating that a. deman exists somewhere in the area for timeof-day service. The purpose of the slow-tooperate relays 620 and 621 is to prevent a false signal from being given by reason of a momentary operation of relays 501 and 502 I which might be caused due to line surges. when disconnection takes place. The slow-to-release relay 622 is used to. hold relay 623 0perated over the period when relays501 and 502 momentarily release when battery and ground are reversed through their windings as will be hereinafter described.

When relay 619 operates it establishes a contacts of relay 627 to conductors 628 and 629 extending to the outgoing distributing thence through point, conductor 628 extending the windings of relays-508 to 511 inclusive in parallel to battery. Cond'uctor 628 may also extend through the windings of a second group of four similar relays if the area is large enough to require more trunksoutgoing" from the central bureau than can be served by the four relays 508 to 511 inclusive. Conductor 629 in a similar manner may be extended through the windings of four or eight additional relays similar to relays 508 to 511 inelusive. It will be noted that relays such as 508 and 510 each serve five outgoing trunks such, as 500 and consequently as many as forty trunks may be served although it is in.- tended that not more than thirty-six working trunks shall be connected atone time to the transmission circuit of Fig 6, the remaining 

